方差是在概率论和统计方差衡量随机变量或一组数据时离散程度的度量。
often represented by σ2 ,s2, Var(X), V(X), orV(X)
\[S2=∑(xi−x¯)2n−1\]\[S2=sample variance\]\[xi=the value of the one observation\]\[x¯=the mean value of all observations\]\[n=thenumberofobservations\]